29 Most Corrupt Countries in the World Revealed

It’s no secret that many governments globally don’t always operate with the best interests of their citizens at heart. These civil servants often fail to resist the temptation of using state resources for their own personal gain, thus creating the most corrupt countries in the world.

We often hear this word thrown around in relation to countries with lots of civil unrest, stagnating or recessive economies, and a deficiency of social welfare programmes. That’s because corruption undermines everything about human rights.

And thus, the most beautiful countries in the world become the most corrupt.

Things like nepotism, taking or giving bribes, and manipulating processes to win government bids or tenders are common forms of corruption. While many of the most corrupt countries in the world are developing nations, a few developed nations also struggle with this scourge.

In this guide, you’ll get an in-depth list of the most corrupt countries in the world based on Transparency International’s 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index — the most recent data available as of publishing.

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What Makes a Country Corrupt?

According to Transparency International, corruption is described as the abuse of assigned power or authority for illicit personal gain.

This is determined by the Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI), which is a score from 0 to 100 that combines various manifestations of corruption into a global index. Examples of these manifestations include civil conflict, low security, poor governance, and weak institutions.

It’s also important to note that high levels of corruption often destabilise a country’s ability to provide health care services, education, and adequate policing. So don’t be surprised when you see a correlation between the most dangerous countries in the world and this list.

How Corruption Affects You as a Traveler

Before you write off all 29 of these countries, here’s what corruption actually looks like when you’re on the ground — and how to deal with it.

Checkpoint bribes: In countries with corrupt police or military forces, it’s common to be stopped at checkpoints and pressured for “fines” or “fees.” Sometimes these are semi-official, sometimes they’re pure shakedowns. The best approach is to carry small bills separately from your main cash, stay polite, and never hand over your passport as collateral.

Permit delays and “expediting fees”: Need a tourist visa, trekking permit, or business licence? Corruption often means the “official” process takes weeks, but a facilitator can get it done in days for a fee. This is frustrating, but it’s not always unsafe — just budget extra time or money for it.

Scams enabled by lack of oversight: When there’s no functioning consumer protection, scams thrive. Fake tour operators, rigged taxi meters, hotels that don’t match their photos — all more common in highly corrupt countries. Stick to verified platforms, read recent reviews, and trust your gut.

The big one — safety: Corruption weakens emergency services, enables organised crime, and means you can’t always count on police to help you if something goes wrong. Check your government’s travel advisories, avoid high-risk areas, and have a backup plan for getting out if things deteriorate.

None of this means you shouldn’t travel to these places — some of the most rewarding trips involve destinations on this list. But go in with your eyes open.

Note on the “safe to visit” question: CPI score is a poor proxy for personal safety — some low-scoring countries (e.g. Turkmenistan) are heavily policed and low in street crime, while some higher-scoring ones have serious safety concerns for unrelated reasons. Always check your government’s specific travel advisory for the country and region you’re visiting, rather than relying on the corruption index alone.

29 Most Corrupt Countries in the World

1. South Sudan

south-sudan

Photo by Charl Folscher on Unsplash

CPI Score: 9

Despite being the youngest country in the world, South Sudan’s governmental leaders have been accused of some of the worst graft anywhere on earth — and as of the 2025 Corruption Perceptions Index, it sits tied for the lowest score globally. This oil-rich country became a republic on the 9th of July 2011, and just two and a half years later, in December 2013, it descended into civil war.

More than 15 years after independence, corruption by government officials remains deeply entrenched. President Salva Kiir has previously admitted to over $4 billion being looted from the state since 2012 through patronage, embezzlement, and bureaucratic corruption — a figure that, by all accounts, has only grown since.

2. Somalia

somalia

Photo by Yahye Somali from Pexels

CPI Score: 9

Ongoing conflict, insecurity, and a lack of consistent central authority have kept Somalia tied with South Sudan for the world’s lowest corruption score in the 2025 index. Pair that with an infamous history of piracy, and you have a crisis on your hands.

Corruption has a lot to do with these socio-economic issues that affect locals and tourists alike. Diverted government assets, weak oversight, and a fragmented state remain the norm rather than the exception here.

3. Venezuela

venezuela

Photo byMatthias Mullie on Unsplash

CPI Score: 10

Possessing over 300 billion barrels of oil, Venezuela’s wealth in oil and other natural resources has for years fuelled political upheaval, a socio-economic crisis, and entrenched corruption. Venezuela’s food insecurity, overcrowding, and deteriorating infrastructure have exacerbated the situation.

Major update: This entry needs a significant rewrite given events since late 2025. Following a disputed 2024 presidential election and a months-long US military pressure campaign, President Nicolás Maduro was captured by US forces in a military operation in early January 2026 and is now facing narco-terrorism and corruption-related charges in the United States. Acting President Delcy Rodríguez has since led the government amid an uncertain transition. Given how fast this situation is still moving, treat anything written here as a snapshot rather than the current state — verify the latest before publishing, as the political landscape may have shifted again by the time this goes live.

4. Eritrea

eritrea

Image by David Mark from Pixabay

CPI Score: 13

Situated in the Horn of Africa, this tiny nation is one of the most militarised on the continent, with more than 20% of the population serving in the army. This hyperinflated military workforce puts significant pressure on the national budget.

Patronage and cronyism are among the most prevalent forms of corruption in Eritrea. Many citizens seeking civil or judicial services have reported having been asked for a “gift” or bribe in return.

High-ranking military officials and generals maintain a monopoly of control over civilians and often corroborate corruption and illicit activity. Police have also been accused of abusing their roles — facilitating the release from prison of friends, family, or anyone else who can afford the right “gift.”

5. Libya

libya

Photo by Moayad Zaghdani on Unsplash

CPI Score: 13

Libya is another country deeply impacted by the Arab Spring, years after the initial uprising broke out in 2011. After the deposition of its leader, Muammar Gaddafi, Libya collapsed into civil unrest among various rival factions — a fracture that persists today.

The ongoing turmoil has wrecked the country’s political system, allowing corruption to go unchecked. Pair that with ineffective monitoring and the complicity of political figures on multiple sides, and you have one of the most corrupt countries in the world.

6. Yemen

yemen

Photo by Mohammad Hadi on Pexels

CPI Score: 13

Yemen’s civil war, now over a decade old, has often been dubbed a proxy war between Saudi Arabia and Iran. Whether that’s true or not, the conflict has created a humanitarian crisis, with children the most affected — malnutrition among under-fives remains widespread and preventable child deaths continue at an alarming rate.

The war has led to a lack of government accountability and a non-existent system of control. Patronage networks run the country’s civil affairs, leading to extensive numbers of “ghost workers,” which puts an increased strain on the state’s budget. This network also oversees government contracts and often exploits small businesses through arbitrary fines.

7. Nicaragua

nicaragua

Photo by Fabian Wiktor from Pexels

CPI Score: 14

Known for its dazzling lakes and volcanoes, Nicaragua is often a destination overlooked by tourists. This Central American country has come under the corruption spotlight, with allegations of restricted political freedom and a lack of transparency about the state budget — among the steepest CPI declines of any country since 2012, according to Transparency International’s own analysis.

Corruption in Nicaragua is endemic; political power remains monopolised by President Daniel Ortega and his wife, Vice President Rosario Murillo. This cronyism and nepotism continue to have dire effects on the electoral system and the regard for human rights.

8. Sudan

sudan

Photo by mohamed Zekry from Pexels

CPI Score: 14

Sudan is a fascinating country with a wealth of ancient history — it actually has more pyramids than Egypt. But the corruption picture here has changed fundamentally since this post was first written. Sudan descended into full-scale civil war in April 2023 between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF), and as of mid-2026 the conflict remains a bloody stalemate: the SAF holds Khartoum (retaken in 2025) and the centre and east, while the RSF controls most of Darfur, including El-Fasher, captured after a brutal siege in October 2025, plus parts of Kordofan.

The war has displaced roughly 14 million people — the world’s largest displacement crisis — and corruption dynamics have shifted from peacetime patronage to wartime looting, with both sides accused of diverting resources and humanitarian aid. Travel to Sudan is not currently recommended under any circumstances given the active conflict and documented atrocities; this entry should be read as background on the country’s institutional collapse rather than a destination consideration.

9. Equatorial Guinea

equatorial-guinea

Image by rem734 from Pixabay

CPI Score: 15

Equatorial Guinea’s corruption problems stem from an authoritarian government in which the president and his close network of elites live lavishly off the country’s oil revenue. Mismanagement of funds and a weak rule of law have led to rampant corruption, arbitrary detentions, torture, and unfair trials.

Vice President Teodoro Nguema Obiang Mangue — the president’s son — has been at the centre of this for years. France’s highest appeals court finally closed the door on his appeals in mid-2025, upholding his conviction for embezzling roughly €150 million (around $174 million) in public funds and clearing the way for those seized assets to be returned to Equatorial Guinea. In a separate and considerably more lurid scandal, the president’s nephew, Baltasar Ebang Engonga — until his arrest the country’s top financial-crimes investigator — was sentenced in 2025 to eight years in prison and a $220,000 fine for embezzlement, after a corruption raid on his home turned up hundreds of explicit videos implicating other senior officials’ families.

10. North Korea

north-korea

Photo by Thomas Evans on Unsplash

CPI Score: 15

Not much is known about North Korea by the outside world due to its intense dictatorial, totalitarian regime. This has led to a lack of transparency on food security and human rights, which in turn has allowed corruption to become widespread.

Although North Korea’s ruler, Kim Jong Un, has vowed to “mercilessly” deal with the scourge of corruption, graft has been entrenched in the country since the 1990s.

A Trace International report has previously ranked North Korea last on its global bribery-risk matrix, scoring particularly poorly on civil society oversight capacity and the likelihood of business-to-government bribe requests.

11. Syria

View over Damascus

Photo by Ahmed akacha from Pexels

CPI Score: 15

This entry needed a complete rewrite since Syria’s entire political situation changed in December 2024. After years of what looked like a frozen civil war, the rebel group Hay’at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) launched a surprise offensive that took Aleppo, Hama, Homs, and finally Damascus within two weeks. President Bashar al-Assad fled to Moscow, ending his family’s 54-year rule.

HTS leader Ahmed al-Sharaa was declared president of a transitional government in January 2025, and a five-year transition framework was adopted in March 2025 under a new Constitutional Declaration. Syria actually climbed several places on the 2025 CPI compared with the Assad era — a genuine, if modest, improvement — but corruption remains one of the most entrenched obstacles facing the new government, with reporting pointing to opaque asset-freezing processes, alleged extortion of Assad-era business figures, and power concentrated in a small circle around the presidency. Whether this counts as a durable break from the past or simply a changing of the guard is still an open question well into 2026.

12. Afghanistan

afghanistan

Photo by Zabihullah Habibi on Unsplash

CPI Score: 16

This entry also needed a full rewrite, since the version of Afghanistan described in earlier updates — a US-backed government with aid flowing out to Dubai — no longer exists. The Taliban has governed Afghanistan since August 2021, and the corruption picture under their rule looks quite different, though arguably no better.

A 2025 US government watchdog investigation (SIGAR) found that the Taliban, in some cases allegedly colluding with UN officials, systematically diverted and extorted humanitarian aid — with UN officials reportedly demanding bribes worth 5–50% of contract values, and only an estimated 30–40% of total donor funds actually reaching their intended recipients. The Taliban have also been accused of steering aid toward favoured Pashtun communities at the expense of Tajik and Hazara minorities. In response, the US suspended most remaining aid to Afghanistan in 2025. Researchers increasingly describe Taliban rule as a “kleptocracy” — a state effectively captured for the enrichment of its rulers.

13. Haiti

haiti

Photo by Heather Suggitt on Unsplash

CPI Score: 16

Haiti has been in social and political crisis since the assassination of President Jovenel Moïse in July 2021, and the picture has deteriorated dramatically since. Armed gangs now control an estimated 85–90% of the capital, Port-au-Prince, and have expanded into the Artibonite and Centre departments. The UN human rights office recorded over 8,200 people killed in Haiti between January 2025 and March 2026 alone, and roughly 1.5 million people are internally displaced — levels approaching those seen after the catastrophic 2010 earthquake.

There are, cautiously, some signs of a turning point: a UN-backed Gang Suppression Force began deploying in 2026 with a mandate of 5,000 personnel, and Haitian police have reported pushing gangs out of some strategic areas of the capital for the first time in years. Whether this holds remains very much to be seen — Haiti is not currently a place to visit under any normal circumstances.

14. Myanmar

myanmar

Image by Yves Alarie from Pixabay

CPI Score: 16

Formerly known as Burma, Myanmar is a Southeast Asian country that boasts spectacular cultural diversity, with over 100 ethnic groups and a fascinating array of British colonial architecture across its major cities. The country remains mired in civil war following the military’s February 2021 coup against the elected government of Aung San Suu Kyi.

The junta has since staged a tightly stage-managed, multi-phase “election,” running from December 2025 into January 2026, with major opposition parties banned and voting impossible across large parts of the country still contested by ethnic armed groups and resistance forces. In April 2026, junta chief Min Aung Hlaing was installed as president by a parliament acting as an electoral college — widely described by international observers as consolidation, not a genuine democratic transition. The civil war grinds on with no resolution in sight.

15. Burundi

burundi

Photo by Mika R on Unsplash

CPI Score: 17

Despite many stated efforts towards transparency and good governance, corruption remains rampant in Burundi. This is because corruption is systemic in the country — bribery and cronyism trickle down from high-ranking officials to street-level public employees.

Burundi’s ruling party’s neopatrimonialism has kept the country low on global governance rankings, deterring foreign investment and fuelling social discontent. The country’s failure to meaningfully tackle corruption in political and social settings keeps Burundi high on this list.

16. Turkmenistan

turkmenistan

Photo by Nikolai from Pexels

CPI Score: 17

Turkmenistan is a landlocked country in central Asia known for its ancient archaeological sites like those of Nisa and Merv — major stops along the ancient Silk Roads, with real tourism potential.

However, corruption in government procurement and the awarding of licences has been prevalent in Turkmenistan for years. The president’s family members and close inner circle continue to occupy high-ranking positions across politics, education, and trade.

17. Cambodia

cambodia

Photo by George Bakos on Unsplash

CPI Score: 20

This Southeast Asian country boasts verdant natural attractions, gorgeous beaches, and awe-inspiring ancient temples. Neighbouring two popular Asian destinations — Thailand and Vietnam — Cambodia has the potential to be a tourism haven, especially for travellers who like history, architecture, and fewer crowds at attractions.

But the country has not managed to capitalise fully on this potential due to a weak judicial system that fuels corruption. Businesses can expect to pay bribes for licences and operating permits, while police impunity remains a persistent source of harassment for civilians.

18. Comoros

comoros

Image by Comoros News from Facebook

CPI Score: 20

Not many tourists know about Comoros. This archipelago along the Mozambique Channel boasts crystal-clear beaches, verdant cliffs, and charming colonial coastal towns. However, the country’s lack of systems and infrastructural development has led to a continued decline in control over corruption.

The scourge of corruption in Comoros is rampant, from the judiciary to civil servants and security forces. Citizens are known to be obliged to pay bribes to evade regulations, obtain fake police reports, and avoid arrest.

19. Democratic Republic of the Congo

democratic-republic-of-the-congo

Photo by Kaysha on Unsplash

CPI Score: 20

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is abundant with mineral resources, from gold and diamonds to cobalt, tin, copper, and coltan. But the DRC ranks among the five poorest countries in the world.

Corruption in the DRC permeates all levels of government and every sector of the economy. Clientelism, patronage, and rent-seeking have destroyed fair competition and left the country unattractive to foreign investment.

20. Guinea Bissau

guinea-bissau

Photo by Kaysha on Unsplash

CPI Score: 21

Guinea Bissau is one of the smaller countries in Africa, and yet it ranks high among the most corrupt on the continent. Known for its lush national parks and diverse wildlife, this West African nation has rampant corruption within its security forces.

Government mismanagement and a lack of accountability have crippled the judicial system, making it hard to investigate and prosecute criminal activity. Corruption in Guinea Bissau doesn’t only happen at the top; many citizens report being asked to pay a bribe at least once by public officials.

21. Chad

chad

Image by Hoeneisen from Pixabay

CPI Score: 22

Chad is a landlocked African country rich in oil, gold, and uranium. The country has long faced allegations of high-level corruption, from a quasi-independent judicial system that’s often influenced by government officials, to punitive police behaviour.

Corruption in Chad has effectively been normalised. It is common for both locals and tourists to be expected to pay bribes to police and other state forces at checkpoints. All this has contributed to Chad remaining one of the poorest countries in the world, despite the oil pipeline running from Chad to neighbouring Cameroon generating billions of dollars in revenue every year.

22. Honduras

honduras

Photo by Carlos Zacapa on Unsplash

CPI Score: 22

Another Central American country marred by corruption is Honduras. This mineral-rich country boasts an abundance of hard and soft commodities, from minerals to tropical fruit and sugar cane.

Corruption remains widespread in Honduras — patronage and clientelism networks control large parts of the economy, making it unattractive to potential investors. Add bribery and drug trafficking to the mix, and you have deep mistrust in state institutions, an ongoing security crisis, and a growing migrant crisis.

23. Zimbabwe

zimbabwe

Photo by Tanner Marquis on Unsplash

CPI Score: 22

Zimbabwe is a landlocked country in southeastern Africa known for its stunning natural beauty. It is home to one of the most-visited landmarks in Africa, Victoria Falls, along with the ruins of Great Zimbabwe, a medieval city that thrived on cattle herding, gold mining, and trade via the Sofala Swahili port.

The corruption story here has moved on from the Mugabe era. President Emmerson Mnangagwa, in power since a 2017 military-backed transition, has faced escalating US sanctions since 2024 specifically over alleged corruption tied to gold and diamond smuggling networks, alongside human rights abuses. In 2026, Zimbabwe’s parliament approved constitutional amendments extending Mnangagwa’s term to 2030 and shifting presidential selection from a public vote to parliament — a move that has triggered rare open dissent within his own ruling party and drawn sharp criticism from US lawmakers. Patronage and cronyism remain the norm for exploiting the country’s resources, and soliciting bribes from police is still common practice for ordinary Zimbabweans and visitors alike.

24. Lebanon

lebanon

Photo by Nate Hovee from Pexels

CPI Score: 23

Lebanon is the ultimate Western Asian destination for history buffs and beach babies. This primarily Arab nation boasts many historical Roman ruins, preserved castles, churches, mosques, and stunning Mediterranean beaches.

The 2020 Beirut port explosion was just one chapter in a much longer collapse — Lebanon’s currency has lost around 98% of its value since the 2019 banking crisis began, and a 2024 war between Hezbollah and Israel added further economic devastation and mass displacement. There are cautious signs of stabilisation: 2025 saw modest GDP growth, falling inflation, and the election of a president after a two-year political vacuum, alongside some reform-oriented legislation. But the government system still largely allows corrupt officials — including from opposition parties — to operate without meaningful fear of judicial consequences, and the banking sector remains effectively insolvent for ordinary depositors.

25. Republic of the Congo

republic-of-the-congo

Photo by Valdhy Mbemba on Unsplash

CPI Score: 23

Not to be confused with the DRC, the Republic of Congo — also known as Congo-Brazzaville — is home to the second-largest rainforest in the world and the famous Pygmy tribe. This Central African nation also boasts an incredible amount of mineral deposits, including cobalt and copper.

Tourism opportunities in Congo are abundant thanks to its vast biodiversity, with more than 400 mammal species living in the rainforest. But corruption remains a key hindrance to the tourism sector. The president’s tight grip on power keeps the state susceptible to patronage and a compromised judicial system.

26. Central African Republic

central-african-republic

Image by Wikimedia Commons

CPI Score: 24

The Central African Republic is considered one of the poorest and most fragile countries worldwide. Despite its abundance of mineral resources, the country has a population of only around 5.4 million and a low literacy rate — factors that compound its fragility and limit human capital.

Rather than the 2013 coup, the more relevant recent event is President Faustin-Archange Touadéra’s push to remove presidential term limits via a 2023 constitutional referendum, followed by a disputed re-election to a third term in December 2025 with a reported 76% of the vote — a result opposition candidates rejected, citing intimidation and an uneven playing field. Touadéra’s government has leaned heavily on foreign security backing, including Russian mercenaries, to maintain control. Senior government officials continue to face corruption allegations amid this consolidation of power.

27. Guatemala

guatemala

Photo by Saulo Zayas from Pexels

CPI Score: 26

Guatemala is a country in Central America awash with volcanoes, ancient Mayan sites, and lush rainforests. It neighbours Mexico to the north and would be a great addition to a Central America itinerary.

Corruption has long held back tourism and other business sectors here, with government officials engaging in corrupt activities with little regard for civilians. That said, Guatemala’s CPI score has actually improved somewhat since this post was first written — one of the more encouraging shifts on this list, even if the country still ranks among the world’s more corrupt.

28. Iraq

iraq

Photo by Saad Salim on Unsplash

CPI Score: 28

Iraq is mostly known as a war-torn country whose administration crumbled after the United States invasion in 2003. But not many know that Iraq is also the location of ancient Mesopotamia and home to an array of talented poets, sculptors, and painters.

The US-led coalition’s combat mission in Iraq formally ended in 2021, and under a September 2024 agreement, the broader coalition mission against ISIS is being wound down in phases through 2026, with most remaining US forces relocating to Iraq’s Kurdistan region before a further drawdown. Iraq’s CPI score has actually improved notably compared with earlier years, though corruption in private and public enterprises still deters significant foreign investment, and public officials continue to face accusations of bribery and impunity. Travel advisories for Iraq remain elevated for most nationalities due to residual security risks.

29. Azerbaijan

azerbaijan

Photo by Lloyd Alozie on Unsplash

CPI Score: 30

Tucked between Eastern Europe and Western Asia, Azerbaijan is a country full of modern and ancient wonders. You’ll find a fusion of futuristic and historical buildings dotted all over Baku, the capital. Azerbaijan’s score has improved noticeably in recent years, though known business-compliance risks and political corruption remain deterrents to foreign direct investment and tourism.

Corruption in Azerbaijan’s oil sector is most closely tied to patronage networks. While there is a formal anti-corruption mandate, a comparatively weak judiciary still allows some corrupt officials and police to act with relative impunity. Extortion and bribery, while less common than a decade ago, still occur.

Countries Where Things Are Changing

Corruption isn’t static. While most of these 29 countries have been stuck near the bottom of the CPI for years, a few have seen genuinely dramatic shifts — for better or worse — since this post was first published.

Syria is the most striking example of political upheaval reshaping a corruption profile almost overnight. The fall of the Assad dynasty in December 2024, after 54 years of family rule, replaced entrenched wartime corruption with the uncertainties of a transitional government. Syria’s CPI score has actually ticked up, but analysts are cautious about calling this a genuine turnaround rather than simply new hands on the same levers.

Sudan moved the other direction entirely. What was, a few years ago, a country grappling with garden-variety patronage and cronyism is now in the grip of a full-blown civil war between rival military factions, with the world’s largest displacement crisis and credible reports of mass atrocities. Corruption here has shifted from bureaucratic graft to wartime looting.

Haiti and Myanmar both illustrate how quickly state authority can erode. Haiti’s gangs now control the vast majority of the capital, a level of territorial control that was unthinkable even three years ago. Myanmar’s junta, meanwhile, has moved from openly ruling by coup to staging tightly managed elections that install the same coup leader as a nominally civilian president — a change in form without much change in substance.

On the more hopeful end, Guatemala, Iraq, and Azerbaijan have all posted meaningful score improvements since this post was first written, even though all three remain firmly in the lower half of the global index. It’s a reminder that these situations are genuinely fluid — worth checking current advisories and news before any trip, no matter what a static ranking says.

And then there’s Venezuela, which has undergone what might be the single biggest shock on this entire list: the January 2026 capture of longtime president Nicolás Maduro by US forces, and the installation of an acting government under Vice President Delcy Rodríguez. It’s genuinely too early to say what this means for Venezuela’s corruption trajectory long-term — but it’s the clearest illustration on this list of just how quickly “most corrupt countries” rankings can be overtaken by events.

29 Most Corrupt Countries in the World | Wrapped Up

There you have it — 29 of the most corrupt countries in the world and how they got there. Before you book a trip to any of these countries, check recent travel advisories from your government and scan current news — you’ll get a much clearer picture of what you’re actually walking into than this corruption index alone can tell you.

Take note of the corruption levels (or rankings) of a country, because this can genuinely affect your trip. If you have to pay bribes or unofficial “fees” just to move from one place to another, that adds up fast and can put your travel budget under real strain — not to mention the safety implications explored above.

So, did any of these 29 most corrupt countries in the world surprise you?

Amanda OBrien

Amanda O’Brien is the creator and editor of The Boutique Adventurer. She has visited 80 countries and is a member of the British Guild of Travel Writers as well as the IFTWTA. She is passionate about wine had has just completed Level 3 of the WSET. Born in Australia, she lives in London.