Mexico seeps history and culture from every city and area you visit. It’s characterized by breathtaking beauty along the coastline and bustling major cities with energy that beats through the streets.
There are so many fascinating landmarks in Mexico. From historic and sacred places that give you a glimpse of ancient Mayan life to museums and cathedrals in the city. And of course, there are tacos and tequila to be sampled in between visiting these attractions.
Some of these even make the list of most famous landmarks in the world, so here is your guide to the must-see landmarks in Mexico. And if you can’t fit them all into one trip, you’ll have an excuse to plan a trip back.
1. Chichen Itza
Chichen Itza is one of Mexico’s most visited and most famous landmarks. Located on the Yucatan Peninsula, close to Cancun, these ancient ruins are a must-see. The stepped pyramid structure was once inhabited by Mayans and is believed to have been one of the most important places of their empire.
Both a UNESCO World Heritage Site and named one of the New 7 Wonders of the World in 2007, a trip to the ruins will not disappoint. Take a day trip from Cancun to see these fascinating ancient structures and learn about the inhabitants that once ruled the area.
And check out my article on fun facts about Mexico.
2. Chacchoben
This is one of the lesser-known Mayan ruins landmarks on the Yucatan Peninsula, south of Tulum. Located within a tropical forest, the ruins were found in 1942 by a farmer who protected the site until 1972. It was then brought to the attention of the Mexican Government and officially made an ancient ruin of Mexico.
It’s believed that the first human settlements date back to between 700 and 1000 BC. One of the most unusual things about the site is that it has no inscriptions or ornamentations, which is common in other ruins.
3. Tulum Ruins
The ruins found at Tulum are the only ones located by the sea. The city of Tulum was built as a seaport and was the Mayan gateway to trade. Copper, cacao beans and cotton were commonly traded on the shores.
The fortress built along the coast, with pyramid-shaped ruins and various dwellings is what you’ll see when you visit the ruins. This mini-city was built on top of the hill, overlooking the sea and jungle, by the Mayans as protection against possible invaders. When visiting Tulum you’ll also have an array of turquoise-watered beaches and exquisite cenotes to explore.
4. Mayápan
Mayápan was a walled city with an estimated population of between 15 000 – 17 000 people. The site has more than 4000 structures within the city walls and it is believed that there were additional dwellings outside.
It’s known as the ancient centre of the Mayan culture and was the political capital of the region from around the 1220’s – 1440’s AD. Located in the Yucatán Peninsula near Merida, it’s worth taking a private tour to see this wondrous ruined city.
5. Monte Albán
Monte Albán is a series of ruins that dates back to 500 BC. Here you’ll catch a glimpse of how the Zapotec civilization lived, worked and worshipped on the hillside in the Valley of Oaxaca for nearly 1000 years. The site is found on high ground as a defence against attacking tribes and also boasts stunning views of the surrounding landscape.
The inhabitants carved canals, pyramids and terraces into the hills as well as symbols representing sacred texts carved directly out of the mountain. Among the stone carvings, you’ll find remnants of the Main Plaza and Ball Game Court. These impressive structures depict what life was once like in Monte Albán.
6. Palenque
Nestled deep in the Mexican jungle lies the Palenque temples. It’s believed that the Palenque dates back to 200 AD and that the Palenque people were a political party that loved to rule and dominate. Located in the state of Chiapas, it’s worth a day trip if you are staying in the region.
The most fascinating part of Palenque is the burial site of the ancient leader, Pakal (who became ruler at age 12), found under the Temple of Inscriptions. The on-site museum is a great place to check out Mayan glyphs, pottery and ancient carvings.
7. Great Pyramid of Cholula
The Great Pyramid of Cholula is one of the largest pyramids in the world, standing at 55 metres (180 feet) high. The pyramid has a larger volume than the Egyptian pyramids and was built over 2000 years ago by either the Teotihuacan or El Tajin people.
Over recent years, archaeologists excavating this once great pyramid have discovered a network of tunnels, altars and platforms that would have been used during religious ceremonies. Located in the Puebla region, this is a magnificent ancient site to visit if in the area.
Tip: This is one of the most famous Mexican landmarks, welcoming half a million visitors a year. Make sure to arrive early to avoid big crowds.
8. Museo Nacional De Antropología
Translated to the National Museum of Anthropology, the building houses an impressive collection of artefacts from the indigenous people of Mexico. It’s an incredible place to immerse yourself in the history of the country, a history that makes it the vibrant, culturally rich place you’ll find today.
The museum opened in 1964 and displays items gathered over centuries. From celestial calendars to headdresses of Aztec rulers, you’ll be awed by what’s in store for you. Book a guided tour to make the most of your experience.
9. Catedral Metropolitana
The Cathedral Metropolitana stands beautifully in the heart of Mexico City. This grand building dates back to 1573 and is completed with Gothic, Baroque, Neoclassical, and Plateresque styles.
The grand decorations and designs continue inside the cathedral with gilded carvings and a marble altar. The museum within the cathedral is home to a remarkable collection of religious and historical artefacts. This is a must-see if you are staying in Mexico City.
10. Castillo de Chapultepec
The Castillo (Castle) de Chapultepec was built in 1785 and has been used for various purposes since its completion. It was once a lavish vacation home, a military academy, a presidential home and is now a National Museum on Chapultepec Hill within Mexico City.
Often called the only real castle in North America, you’ll be left in awe of the exquisite mural paintings, colourful corridors and gold embellishments that characterize the castle. The outdoor area is equally as breathtaking with beautifully carved statues and a unique checkerboard pavement.
11. Basilica de Santa María de Guadalupe
This church in Mexico City is an important religious site built to honour the Virgin Mary of Guadalupe. Its architectural beauty will wow you. The complex is made up of many features including the basilica, the ancient church, a gift shop, a museum and a library.
It’ll cost 10 pesos (0.36 pounds) to enter the museum while the rest of the establishment is free to enter. Just be mindful of when you visit the inside of the church as up to 30 masses can be held in one day. Welcoming millions of tourists, this is the 3rd most visited religious site in the world.
12. Ángel de la Independencia
This stunning monument stands on Paseo de la Reforma, one of Mexico City’s famous avenues. Meaning a trip to this iconic landmark is also an opportunity to discover the attractive surrounding areas.
Erected during the presidency of Porfirio Díaz in 1910, the Ángel de la Independencia is dedicated to those who fought for independence. Topped with the recognizable Greek goddess of victory in shining gold, this structure is something to behold when exploring the streets of Mexico City.
13. Museo Frida Kahlo (La Casa Azul)
Frida Kahlo is as symbolic of Mexican culture as tacos and tequila are so it’s no wonder there’s an entire museum dedicated to her life and her work. The actual museum is the home that Frida was born in and where she would later die. It’s located in the leafy suburb of Coyoacán in Mexico City.
Colloquially referred to as the La Casa Azul (the Blue House), the house is a work of art with electric blue walls setting the scene for the rest of the museum. In the house are some of Frida’s most celebrated works and the rooms are restored to reflect how the artist lived.
14. Cineteca Nacional
This spot is a little different from the cultural hubs that made the list before this but is equally as fascinating. The Cineteca Nacional is dedicated to preserving, cataloguing and spreading the word about Mexico’s cinema scene.
There are various rooms dedicated to different Mexican directors such as Luis Buñuel and Alejandro Galindo and their work. If you are a cinema lover, this needs to be on your list. But, even if you’re not, this architecturally beautiful building has loads of interesting material to keep all visitors entertained.
15. Monumento a la Revolución
This is the last of the monument landmarks that can be found in Mexico City on this list and one that marks the revolution that liberated Mexico from Spanish rule. It’s now a mausoleum that holds the remains of Pancho Villa, Venustiano Carranza and Lázaro Cárdenas, all revolutionary leaders of the time.
The dome-topped arch of the monument is considered the largest triumphal arch in the world. It took 28 years to complete and is worth a visit when you are in the city.
Amanda O’Brien is the creator and editor of The Boutique Adventurer. She has visited 80 countries and is a member of the British Guild of Travel Writers as well as the IFTWTA. She is passionate about wine had has just completed Level 3 of the WSET. Born in Australia, she lives in London.